Sensibilidad y especificidad de las pruebas de ureasa (clotest), histología de mucosa gástrica, serología, cultivo y pcr en la identificación del helicobacter pylori: Servicio de gastroenterología. Hospital Universitario. Maracaibo

Marianela Añez, Gisela Romero, Maribel Lizarzabal, Rosa Rangel, Ana Serrano, Zully Latuff, José Miguel Fernández

Resumen


Las pruebas de test de ureasa (Clotest), histología, serología, cultivo y PCR, son métodos diagnósticos útiles para la identificación del Helicobacter Pylori. Son de alta sensibilidad y especificidad. Objetivo: Determinar la sensibilidad y especificidad del test de ureasa, histología, serología, cultivo y PCR, utilizando la histología como prueba estándar. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo de 92 pacientes con dispepsia e indicación de endoscopia digestiva superior durante en periodo 2004 y 2005. Resultados: La edad de los pacientes fue entre 14 y 85 años siendo 30 pacientes del sexo masculino y 62 del femenino. Los tipos de dispepsia fueron: no ulcerosas en 71 pacientes (77%) y dispepsias ulcerosas en 21 pacientes (22,83%). Los hallazgos endoscópicos fueron: gastritis en 16 pacientes (17.39%), 28 pacientes con gastroduodenopatías (30.43%), 1 paciente con duodenitis (1.09% y 26 pacientes con otros hallazgos endoscópicos (28.26%). Se comparó test  de ureasa comercial con histología resultando una sensibilidad del 58% y sensibilidad en 50%. Se comparó serología con histología resultando la sensibilidad en 89% y la especificidad en 96%. Los resultados de histología fueron 75% de positivos, test de ureasa (55%), serología (56%), cultivo 54% y PCR 41%. Conclusión: La histología y la serología fueron superiores al test de ureasa en la identificación del Helicobacter Pylori.

Palabras clave


Helicobacter Pylori; test de ureasa; histología; cultivo; PCR y serología.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61155/gen.v60i2.760

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